TEXTUAL GRAMMAR : W B C H S E 12 : PRACTICE SHEET

Thank You, Ma’am by Langston Hughes

 

She was a large woman with a large purse that had everything in it but hammer and nails.[simple]

  It had a long strap, and she carried it slung across her shoulder. [Simple]

 She was walking alone, when a boy ran up behind her and tried to snatch her purse. [Simple]

 The strap broke with the single tug the boy gave it from behind.[complex]

  But the boy’s weight and the weight of the purse combined caused him to lose his balance so, instead of taking off full blast as he had hoped, the fell on his back on the sidewalk, and his legs flew up. the large woman simply turned around and kicked him right square in his blue-jeaned sitter. [Split]

 Then she reached down, picked the boy up by his shirt front, and shook him until his teeth rattled.[simple]

 After that the woman said, “Pick up my pocketbook, boy, and give it here.” [Change the narration]

 She still held him. But she bent down enough to permit him to stoop and pick up her purse. [join ]

 Then she said, “Now ain’t you ashamed of yourself?” [Change the narration]

 Firmly gripped by his shirt front, the boy said, “Yes’m.” [Change the narration]

 The woman said, “What did you want to do it for?” [Change the narration]

 The boy said, “I didn’t aim to.” [Change the narration]

 She said, “You a lie!” [Change the narration]

 By that time two or three people passed, stopped, turned to look, and some stood watching.[ Simple]

 “If I turn you loose, will you run?” asked the woman. Yes’m,” said the boy. [Change the narration]

 “Then I won’t turn you loose,” said the woman. [Change the narration]

 She did not release him.[ Change the voice ]

 “I’m very sorry, lady, I’m sorry,” whispered the boy. [Change the narration]

 “Um-hum! And your face is dirty. I got a great mind to wash your face for you. Ain’t you got nobody home to tell you to wash your face?” “No’m,” said the boy. [Change the narration]

 “Then it will get washed this evening,” said the large woman starting up the street, dragging the frightened boy behind her. [Change the narration]

 

He looked as if he were fourteen or fifteen, frail and willow-wild, in tennis shoes and blue jeans.

 Woman said, “You ought to be my son. I would teach you right from wrong. Least I can do right now is to wash your face. Are you hungry?” [Change the narration]

 “No’m,” said the being dragged boy. “I just want you to turn me loose.” [Change the narration]

 “Was I bothering you when I turned that corner?” asked the woman.“No’m.” [Change the narration]

 “But you put yourself in contact with me,” said the woman. [Change the narration]

 “If you think that that contact is not to last awhile, you got another thought coming. When I get through with you, sir, you are going to remember Mrs. Luella Bates Washington Jones.” [Change the narration]

 Sweat popped out on the boy’s face and he began to struggle. [Complex]

 Jones stopped. She jerked him around in front of her. She put a half-nelson about his neck, and continued to drag him up the street. [Join]

  She got to her door. She dragged the boy inside, down a hall, and into a large kitchenette furnished room at the rear of the house. [Join]

 She switched on the light and left the door open.[Simple]

  The boy could hear other roomers laughing and talking in the large house.[Change the voice]

 Some of their doors were open. So he knew he and the woman were not alone. The woman still had him by the neck in the middle of her room. [Join]

 She said, “What is your name?” “Roger,” answered the boy. [Change the narration]

 “Then, Roger, you go to that sink and wash your face,” said the woman, whereupon she turned him loose—at last. [Change the narration]

 Roger looked at the door.Looked at the woman. Helooked at the door—and went to the sink. [Join]

 “Let the water run until it gets warm,” she said. “Here’s a clean towel.” [Change the narration]

 “You gonna take me to jail?” asked the boy, bending over the sink. [Change the narration]

 “Not with that face, I would not take you nowhere,” said the woman. “Here I am trying to get

home to cook me a bite to eat and you snatch my pocketbook! Maybe, you ain’t been to your supper either, late as it be. Have you?” [Change the narration]

 “There’s nobody home at my house,” said the boy. [Change the narration]

 “Then we’ll eat,” said the woman, “I believe you’re hungry—or been hungry—to try to snatch my pocket book.” [Change the narration]

 “I wanted a pair of blue suede shoes,” said the boy. [Change the narration]

 I wanted a pair of blue suede shoes.[Change the voice]

 “Well, you didn’t have to snatch my pocketbook to get some suede shoes,” said Mrs. Luella Bates

Washington Jones. “You could of asked me.” “M’am?” [Change the narration]

 The water dripping from his face, the boy looked at her.[Split]

  There was a long pause. A very long pause.[Join]

 After he had dried his face and not knowing what else to do dried it again, the boy turned around, wondering what next. [Complex]

 The door was open. He could make a dash for it down the hall. He could run, run, run, run, run  The woman was sitting on the day-bed.[join]

 After a while she said, “I were young once and I wanted things I could not get.” [Change the narration]

 There was another long pause. The boy’s mouth opened. Then he frowned, but not knowing he frowned.[Join]

 The woman said, “Um-hum! You thought I was going to say but, didn’t you? You thought I was going to say, but I didn’t snatch people’s pocketbooks. Well, I wasn’t going to say that.” [Change the narration]

  “I have done things, too, which I would not tell you, son—neither tell God, if he didn’t already know. So you set down while I fix us something to eat. You might run that comb through  your hair so you will look presentable.” [Change the narration]

 In another corner of the room behind a screen were a gas plate and an icebox. Mrs. Jones got up and went behind the screen. [Join]

 The woman did not watch the boy to see if he was going to run now, nor did she watch her purse which she left behind her on the day-bed. [Join]

 But the boy took care to sit on the far side of the room where he thought she could easily see him out of the corner of her eye, if she wanted to. [Simple]

 He did not trust the woman not to trust him. And he did not want to be mistrusted now. [Simple]

 “Do you need somebody to go to the store,” asked the boy, “maybe to get some milk or something?” [Change the narration]

 “Don’t believe I do,” said the woman, “unless you just want sweet milk yourself. I was going to make cocoa out of this canned milk I got here.” [Change the narration]

 “That will be fine,” said the boy. [Change the narration]

 She heated some lima beans and ham she had in the icebox, made the cocoa, and set the table.[Simple]

 The woman did not ask the boy anything about where he lived,  or anything else that would embarrass him. [use neither…nor]

 As they ate, she told him about her job in a hotel beauty-shop that stayed open late, what the work was like, and how all kinds of women came in and out, blondes, red-heads, and Spanish. Then she cut him a half of her ten-cent cake.[join]

 “Eat some more, son,” she said. [Change the narration]

 When they were finished eating she got up and said, “Now, here, take this ten dollars and buy yourself some blue suede shoes. And next time, do not make the mistake of latching onto my pocketbook nor nobody else’s—because shoes come by devilish like that will burn your feet. I got to get my rest now. But I wish you would behave yourself, son, from here on in.” [Change the narration]

 She led him down the hall to the front door and opened it. “Good-night! Behave yourself, boy!” she said, looking out into the street. [Change the narration]

 

EYES HAVE IT: RUSKIN BOND

 

I had the compartment to myself up to Rohana. A girl got in. [Join]

 

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 The couple who saw her off was probably her parents.[Simple]

 

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They seemed very anxious about her comfort.[Exclamatory]

 

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Oh, how lucky you are! [Assertive]

 

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The couple was probably her parents.[Interrogative]

 

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They seemed very anxious about her comfort.[Exclamatory]

 

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They seemed very anxious about her comfort. [Negative]

 

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They seemed very anxious about her comfort, and the women gave the girl detailed instructions as to where to keep her things, when not to lean out of the windows, and how to avoid speaking to strangers. [Simple]

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They said their good-byes; the train pulled out of the station.[join]

 

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I liked the sound of her voice.[Negative]

 

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I didn’t see you.[Affirmative]

 

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I was totally blind at the time.[Negative]

 

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My eyes sensitive only to light and darkness.[Negative]

 

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As I was totally blind at the time, my eyes sensitive only to light and darkness. [Simple]

 

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I was unable to tell what the girl looked like.[Negative]

 

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October is the best time.[Positive degree]

 

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 I was unable to tell what the girl looked like; but I knew she wore slippers from the way they slapped against her heels. [Start with ‘though’]

 

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It would take me some time to discover something about her looks. Perhaps I never would. [Join]

 

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But I liked the sound of her voice, and even the sound of her slippers [Simple]

 

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 ‘Are you going all the way to Dehra?’ I asked. I must have been sitting in a dark corner because my voice started her. [Change the narration]

 

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She gave a little exclamation and said,’ I didn’t know anyone else was here.’ [Change the narration]

 

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 Well, it often happens that people with good eyesight fail to see what is right in front of them. [Simple]

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 ‘I didn’t if I would be able to prevent her from discovering that I was blind, I thought. ‘Provided I keep to my seat, It shouldn’t be too difficult.’ [Change the narration]

 

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I wondered if I would be able to prevent her from discovering that I was blind.[Negative]

 

_______________________________________________________________________________________________ The girl said, ‘I’m getting down at Saharanpur. My aunt is meeting me threre.’ [Change the narration]

 

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Then I Had better no be too familiar,’ I said. ‘Aunts are usually formidable creatures.’‘When are you going?’ she asked. [Change the narration]

 

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‘To Dehra, and then to Missouri.’ Oh, how lucky you are, I wish I were going to Mussoorie. I love the hills. Especially in October.’ [Change the narration]

 

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I wish I were going to Mussoorie.[Exclamatory]

 

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They were of no use to her.[Interrogative]

 

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You have an interesting face.[ Interrogative]

‘Yes this is the best time, ‘I said calling on my memories. The hills are covered with wild dahlias, the sun is delicious, and at night you can sit in front of a log-fire and drink a little brandy. Most of the tourists have gone, and the roads are quite and almost deserted. Yes October is the best time.’ [Change the narration]

 

 

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 She was silent, and I wondered if my words had touched her, or whether she thought me a romantic fool. [Complex]

 

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You are a gallant young man.[Exclamatory]

 

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I must have been sitting in the dark corner.[Negative]

 

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The window was open. .[Negative]

 

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‘What is it like?’ I asked. [Change the narration]

 

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She seemed to find nothing strange in the question. [Affirmative]

 

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Had she noticed already that I could not see? [Assertive]

 

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Aunts are usually formidable creatures.[Negative]

 

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‘Why don’t you look out the window?’ she asked. [Change the narration]

 

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I moved easily along the berth and felt for the window-ledge. [Simple]

 

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The window was open, and I faced it, making pretence, of studying the landscape.[Simple]

 

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 I heard the panting of the engine, the rumble of the wheels, and in my mind’s eye, I could see the telegraph-posts flashing by.[Complex]

 

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The trees seem to be moving while we seem to be standing still? [Negative]

 

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‘Have you noticed,’ I ventured, that the trees seem to be moving while we seem to be standing still? [Change the narration]

 

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‘That always happens,’ she said. ‘Do you see any animals? [Change the narration]

Hardly any animals left in the forests near Dehra.’ [Negative]

 

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I turned from the window and faced the girl. [Simple]

 

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‘You have an interesting face,’ I remarked. I was becoming quit daring, but it was a safe remark. Few girls can resist flattery.

 

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She laughed pleasantly, a clear ringing laugh.[Complex]

 

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‘It’s nice to be told I have an Interesting face. I am tired of people telling me I have a pretty face.’ [Change the narration]

 

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‘Oh, so you do have a pretty face.’ Thought I, and aloud I said: [Change the narration]

 

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‘You are very gallant young man,’ she said. ‘But why are you so serious? [Change the narration]

 

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I thought then, that I would try to laugh for her,’ but the thought of laughter only made me feel troubled and lonely.

 

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We’ll soon be at your station,’ I said. [Change the narration]

 

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‘Thank goodness it’s a short journey. I can bear to sit in a train for more than two or three hours.’ [Change the narration]

 

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Yet I was prepared to sit there for almost any length of time.[

 

______________________________________________________________________________________________ Her voice had the sparkle of a mountain stream. [Complex]

 

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As soon as she left the train, she would forget our brief encounter; but it would stay with me for the rest of the journey and for some time after.[Use ‘neither…nor’]

 

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The engine’s whistle shrieked, the carriage wheels changed their sound and rhythm. [Use ‘as soon as]

 

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The girl got up and began to collect her things.[Simple]

 

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 The train drew slowly into the station. Outside, there was the shouting of porters and vendors and a high-pitched female voice near the carriage door which must have belonged to the girl’s aunt.[Complex]

 

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‘Good-bye,’ said the girl. [Change the narration]

 

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 She was standing very close to me, so close that the perfume from her hair was tantalizing.[Complex]

 

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I wanted to raise my hand and touch her hair, but she moved away. [Complex]

 

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She was standing very close to me.[Negative]

 

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 Only the perfume still lingered where she had stood.[Negative]

 

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There was some confusion in the doorway. A man, getting into the compartment.[Complex]

 

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A man, getting into the compartment, stammered an apology. [Complex]

 

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Then the door banged shut, and the world was shut out again.[Complex]

 

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I returned to my berth. Once again, I had a game to play with a new fellow- traveler.[Simple]

 

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I’m not as attractive a travelling companion as the one who just left.[Affirmative]

 

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But I liked the sound of her voice[Noun form of the underlined word]

 

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She laughed pleasantly. [Adjective form of the underlined word]

 

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I moved easily along the berth. [Adjective form of the underlined word]

 

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An interesting face can also be pretty. [Noun form of the underlined word]

 

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The man had entered the compartment. [Use entry]

 

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I answered quiet confidently. [Noun form of the underlined word]

Few girls can resist flattery. [Noun form of the underlined word]

 

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She was completely blind. [Adjective form of the underlined word]

 

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Her voice had the sparkle of a mountain stream. [Verb form of the underlined word]

 

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The train drew slowly into the station. [Adjective form of the underlined word]

 

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The man who had entered the compartment broke into my reverie. ‘You must be disappointed,’ he said,’ I’m not as attractive a travelling companion as the one who just left.’ [Change the narration]

 

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‘She was an interesting girl,’ I said.’ Can you tell me –did she keep her hair long or short?’ [Change the narration]

 

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‘I don’t remember,’ he said, sounding puzzled.’ it was her eyes I noticed, not her hair. She had beautiful eyes but they were of no use to her, she was completely blind. Didn’t you notice?’ [Change the narration]

 

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She had beautiful eyes but they were of no use to her.[Affirmative]

 

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I’m not nearly as attractive a travelling companion as the one who just left.[Comparative degree]

 

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It was her eyes I noticed.[Simple]

 

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The girl got up and began to collect her things.[Simple]

 

 

ASLEEP IN THE VALLEY

A small  green valley. A slow stream flows. [Use – where]

___________________________________________________________________________________________ And leaves long strands of silver on the bright grass.[Use- which]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ They fill the hollow full of light.[ Change the voice]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ They fill the hollow full of light. [Use wh. Words]

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They fill the hollow full of light. [Use wh. Words]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________  A soldier, very young, lies open-mouthed. [ Use – who]

____________________________________________________________________________________________    A pillow made of fern beneath his head. [Use – which]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________Pale in his warm, green, sun-soaked bed.[Use noun form of the underlined word]

___________________________________________________________________________________________   His feet among the flowers, he sleeps.[ Use – when]

___________________________________________________________________________________________    His smile is like an infant's - gentle, without guile. [Use – which]

__________________________________________________________________________________________ Nature, keep him warm; he may catch cold.[Start with – if]

____________________________________________________________________________________________ The humming insects don't disturb his rest.[Use – which]

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He sleeps in sunlight and one hand on his breast. [Simple]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ In his side there are two red holes.[Use – which]

______________________________________________________________________________________________Keep him warm.[Change the voice]

______________________________________________________________________________________________His smile is like an infant.[Negative]

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THREE QUESTIONS: LEO TOLSTOY

It once occurred to a certain king, that if he always knew the right time to begin everything.               [Start with –what]

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 If he knew who were the right people to listen to, and whom to avoid; and, above all, if he always knew what was the most important thing to do, he would never fail in anything
he might undertake. [ Use wh. Word]

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And this thought having occurred to him, he had it proclaimed throughout his kingdom that he would give a great reward.  [Simple]

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And learned men came to the King, but they all answered his questions differently. [Simple]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________And learned men came to the King, but they all answered his questions differently. [Complex]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________One must draw up in advance, a table of days, months and years, and must live strictly according to it. [Simple]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________Others declared that it was impossible to decide beforehand the right time for every action. [Simple]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________He should have a Council of wise men, who would help him to fix the proper time for everything. [Simple]

______________________________________________________________________________________________He should have a Council of wise men, who would help him to fix the proper time for everything. [Compound]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________  It is only magicians who know that. [Simple]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ In order to know the right time for every action, one must consult magicians. [Complex]

______________________________________________________________________________________________The King went up to him and said: "I have come to you, wise hermit, to ask you to answer three questions: How can I learn to do the right thing at the right time? Who are the people I most need, and to whom should I, therefore, pay more attention than to the rest? And, what affairs are the most important, and need my first attention?" [Change the narration]

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________The hermit listened to the King, but answered nothing. [Simple]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________He just spat on his hand and recommenced digging. [Simple]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________"You are tired," said the King, "let me take the spade and work awhile for you." [Change the narration]

______________________________________________________________________________________________When he had dug two beds, the King stopped and repeated his questions. [Simple]

 The hermit again gave no answer, but rose, stretched out his hand for the spade, and said: "Now rest awhile-and let me work a bit." [Change the narration]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________But the King did not give him the spade, and continued to dig. [Simple]

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One hour passed, and another. The sun began to sink behind the trees. [Simple]

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One hour passed, and another. The sun began to sink behind the trees,and the King at last stuck the spade into the ground, and said: "I came to you, wise man, for an answer to my questions. If you can give me none, tell me so, and I will return home." [Change the narration]

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________"Here comes someone running," said the hermit, "let us see who it is." [Change the narration]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________King turned round, and saw a bearded man come running out of the wood. [Complex]

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 The man held his hands pressed against his stomach, and blood was flowing from under them.

 When he reached the King, he fell fainting on the ground moaning feebly. [Simple]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ The King and the hermit unfastened the man's clothing.[Voice change]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________There was a large wound in his stomach. [Complex]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________The King washed it as best he could, and bandaged it.[Simple]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________But the blood would not stop flowing, and the King again and again removed the bandage soaked with warm blood, and washed and rebandaged the wound.[Start with ‘as’]

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When at last the blood ceased flowing, the man revived.[Simple]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ The King brought fresh water and gave it to him.[Begin with ‘bringing’]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ Meanwhile the sun had set, and it had become cool. [Simple]

 

Lying on the bed the man closed his eyes.[Complex]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ The King was so tired with his walk and with the work he had done, that he couldn’t slept all through the night. [Use ‘too………..to’]

______________________________________________________________________________________________When he awoke in the morning, it was long before he could remember where he was, or who was the strange bearded man lying on the bed and gazing intently at him with shining eyes.

"Forgive me!" said the bearded man in a weak voice, when he saw that the King was awake and was looking at him.[Change the narration]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________   "I do not know you, and have nothing to forgive you for," said the King. [Change the narration]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________"You do not know me, but I know you.[Use ‘though’]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________ I am that enemy of yours who swore to revenge himself on you, because you executed his brother and seized his property.[Simple]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________ I knew you had gone alone to see the hermit, and I resolved to kill you on your way back.[Complex]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ But the day passed and you did not return. [Simple]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ So I came out from my ambush to find you. [Simple]

______________________________________________________________________________________________  I came upon your bodyguard, and they recognized me, and wounded me.[Use ‘when’]

 

I escaped from them, but should have bled to death had you not dressed my wound.[Use ‘if’]

______________________________________________________________________________________________  I wished to kill you, and you have saved my life. [Use ‘though’]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________”Now, if I live, and if you wish it, I will serve you as your most faithful slave, and will bid my sons do the same. Forgive me!" [Change the narration]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________The King was very glad to have made peace with his enemy so easily, and to have gained him for a friend, and he not only forgave him, but said he would send his servants and his own physician to attend him, and promised to restore his property.[Split]

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Having taken leave of the wounded man, the King went out into the porch and looked around for the hermit. [Complex]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________Before going away he wished once more to beg an answer to the questions he had put. [Complex]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ The hermit was outside, on his knees, sowing seeds in the beds.[Complex]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ The King approached him, and said: "For the last time, I pray you to answer my questions, wise man." [Change the narration]

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"You have already been answered!" said the hermit, still crouching on his thin legs, and looking up at the King, who stood before him. [Change the narration]

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"How answered? What do you mean?" asked the King. [Change the narration]

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"Do you not see," replied the hermit. [Change the narration]

______________________________________________________________________________________________ "If you had not pitied my weakness yesterday.[Change  the voice]

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